Physical Layer Planner
Estimate signal attenuation, crosstalk risks, and maximum supported distance for copper (Cat5e-Cat7) and fiber optic (OM3-OS2) media.
Understanding Physical Limits
Network media is not infinite. Data travels as electrical pulses over copper or light photons over fiber. As the distance increases, the signal weakens, a phenomenon called attenuation.
Ethernet Limits: Standard twisted-pair cabling (Cat5e/6) is strictly limited to 100 meters (328 ft) per run. Beyond this, timing errors (Jitter) and signal loss make the link unreliable. For longer distances, you must use Fiber Optics or active signal repeaters.